Team: Evolutionary genetics and ecology

Research interests

I am interested in adaptation. I study various host-parasite interactions and am branching into the study of mutualisms. My main interest is in the evolution of exploitation strategies – how parasites exploit their hosts and how hosts and mutualists exploit each other.

I work on a variety of systems, most of them plants and some kind of microbe (fungi, oomycetes, bacteria) but also plants and pollinators and cuckoos and their host species. I also maintain an active interest in the evolution of reproductive systems or breeding systems, mainly in flowering plants.

Key words: adaptation, host-parasite interactions, plant-mutualist and plant-pollinator interactions, reproduction system or breeding system evolution Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution Teaching

I am responsible for a module in the Master BEE called “Ecology in English” which is mainly about efficient communication of science. I also teach a number of doctoral courses on manuscript and project writing. Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution

Career path

• Bachelor: University of Toronto, Canada
• Masters: Bowling Green State University, USA
• Doctorate: Universität Basel, Switzerland
• Postdoc: Instituut voor Oecologisch Onderzoek, Heteren, The Netherlands.
• Junior Group Leader: Institut für Terrestrische Ökologie, ETH-Zürich, Switzerland
• CNRS Researcher: Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, Orsay, France

Publications

2022

• Carpentier F., Rodríguez De La Vega RC., Jay P., Duhamel M., Shykoff J. , Perlin MH., Wallen RM., Hood ME., Giraud T., Parsch J.. (2022) Tempo of Degeneration Across Independently Evolved Nonrecombining Regions. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 4 (39) msac060

2021

• Olvera-Vazquez SG., Alhmedi A., Miñarro M., Shykoff J. , Marchadier E., Rousselet A., Remoué C., Gardet R., Degrave A., Robert P., Chen X., Porchier J., Giraud T., Vander-Mijnsbrugee K., Raffoux X., Falque M., Alins G., Didelot F., Beliën T., Dapena E., Lemarquand A., Cornille A.. (2021) Experimental test for local adaptation of the rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea) to its host (Malus domestica) and to its climate in Europe. PCI Ecology, (Pre-registration version)

2020

• Hartmann FE., Snirc A., Cornille A., Godé C., Touzet P., Van Rossum F., Fournier E., Le Prieur S., Shykoff J. , Giraud T.. (2020) Congruent population genetic structures and divergence histories in anther‐smut fungi and their host plants Silene italica and the Silene nutans species complex. Molecular Ecology, 6 (29) 1154-1172

2018

• Fortuna TM., Namias A., Snirc A., Branca A., Hood ME., Raquin C., Shykoff J. , Giraud T.. (2018) Multiple infections, relatedness and virulence in the anther‐smut fungus castrating Saponaria plants. Molecular Ecology, 23 (27) 4947-4959

2017

• Feurtey A., Cornille A., Shykoff J. , Snirc A., Giraud T.. (2017) Crop‐to‐wild gene flow and its fitness consequences for a wild fruit tree: Towards a comprehensive conservation strategy of the wild apple in Europe. Evolutionary Applications, 2 (10) 180-188

2016

• Aguileta G., Badouin H., Hood ME., Møller AP., Le Prieur S., Snirc A., Siguenza S., Mousseau TA., Shykoff J. , Cuomo CA., Giraud T.. (2016) Lower prevalence but similar fitness in a parasitic fungus at higher radiation levels near Chernobyl. Molecular Ecology, 14 (25) 3370-3383
• Fortuna TM., Snirc A., Badouin H., Gouzy J., Siguenza S., Esquerre D., Le Prieur S., Shykoff J. , Giraud T., Wilson RA.. (2016) Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for the Tetrapolar Anther-Smut Fungus Microbotryum saponariae Based on Genome Sequencing. PLoS ONE, 11 (11) e0165656

2014

• Buono L., López-Villavicencio M., Shykoff J. , Snirc A., Giraud T., Vinatzer BA.. (2014) Influence of Multiple Infection and Relatedness on Virulence: Disease Dynamics in an Experimental Plant Population and Its Castrating Parasite. PLoS ONE, 6 (9) e98526

2011

• Gaudeul M., Giraud T., Kiss L., Shykoff J. , Bruun HH.. (2011) Nuclear and Chloroplast Microsatellites Show Multiple Introductions in the Worldwide Invasion History of Common Ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia. PLoS ONE, 3 (6) e17658
• Giraud T., Shykoff J. . (2011) Bacterial cooperation controlled by mobile elements: kin selection versus infectivity. Heredity, 3 (107) 277-278
• Gladieux P., Giraud T., Kiss L., Genton BJ., Jonot O., Shykoff J. . (2011) Distinct invasion sources of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Eastern and Western Europe. Biol Invasions, 4 (13) 933-944
• Kiss L., Pintye A., Kovács GM., Jankovics T., Fontaine MC., Harvey N., Xu X., Nicot PC., Bardin M., Shykoff J. , Giraud T.. (2011) Temporal isolation explains host‐related genetic differentiation in a group of widespread mycoparasitic fungi. Molecular Ecology, 7 (20) 1492-1507
• López‐Villavicencio M., Courjol F., Gibson AK., Hood ME., Jonot O., Shykoff J. , Giraud T.. (2011) Competition, cooperation among kin, and virulence in multiple infections. Evolution, 5 (65) 1357-1366

2008

• Refrégier G., Le Gac M., Jabbour F., Widmer A., Shykoff J. , Yockteng R., Hood ME., Giraud T.. (2008) Cophylogeny of the anther smut fungi and their caryophyllaceous hosts: Prevalence of host shifts and importance of delimiting parasite species for inferring cospeciation. BMC Evol Biol, 1 (8) 100
• Salvaudon L., Giraud T., Shykoff J. . (2008) Genetic diversity in natural populations: a fundamental component of plant–microbe interactions. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2 (11) 135-143

2007

• De Vienne DM., Giraud T., Shykoff J. . (2007) When can host shifts produce congruent host and parasite phylogenies? A simulation approach. J of Evolutionary Biology, 4 (20) 1428-1438

2006

• Giraud T., Jonot O., Shykoff J. . (2006) Common sex-linked deleterious alleles in a plant parasitic fungus alter infection success but show no pleiotropic advantage. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 3 (19) 970-980

2005

• Genton BJ., Shykoff J. , Giraud T.. (2005) High genetic diversity in French invasive populations of common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia , as a result of multiple sources of introduction. Molecular Ecology, 14 (14) 4275-4285
• Giraud T., Jonot O., Shykoff J. . (2005) Selfing Propensity under Choice Conditions in a Parasitic Fungus, Microbotryum violaceum , and Parameters Influencing Infection Success in Artificial Inoculations. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 4 (166) 649-657
• Lopez-Villavicencio M., Enjalbert JJ., Hood ME., Shykoff J. , Raquin C., Giraud T.. (2005) The anther smut disease on Gypsophila repens: a case of parasite sub-optimal performance following a recent host shift ?. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 5 (18) 1293-1303
• López‐Villavicencio M., Branca A., Giraud T., Shykoff J. . (2005) Sex‐specific effect of Microbotryum violaceum (Uredinales) spores on healthy plants of the gynodioecious Gypsophila repens (Caryophyllaceae). American J of Botany, 5 (92) 896-900

2003

• Thomas A., Shykoff J. , Jonot O., Giraud T.. (2003) Sex‐Ratio Bias in Populations of the Phytopathogenic Fungus Microbotryum violaceum from Several Host Species. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 4 (164) 641-647

2002

• Giraud T., Fournier E., Vautrin D., Solignac M., Shykoff J. . (2002) Isolation of 44 polymorphic microsatellite loci in three host races of the phytopathogenic fungus Microbotryum violaceum. Molecular Ecology Notes, 2 (2) 142-146